describe the basics of accounting

Write a paper explaining how accounting works.
Base it on the following scenario.
A friend or relative has inherited some money and decided to start a business.  The friend has no knowledge of accounting and wants you to give him/her a relatively short written explanation that will give a basic understanding but to attach appendices that give further detail.

The main paper should be your own writing and should be 3-5 pages, typed, double-spaced, size 12 font, or equivalent, i.e. it can be handwritten but should be of comparable length.  The appendices can be cited pages of book charts, examples, etc., or other detailed information.  In the interest of saving paper, it is not necessary to copy and attach the portions of the text.  Just cite them.