Utilitarian Case Study
You are the lead surgeon managing a liver transplant. You are also utilitarian.
A healthy young woman, Linda, had a fatal car accident this morning. She was an organ donor, your hospital has harvested her organs, and there are three liver transplant candidates on the hospital’s most-urgent list. All will die within the next month without a liver. You must choose one of the three candidates, and you must use utilitarianism as your main tool for doing so. You have about 12 hours left to make your decision. In this written assignment, please provide your complete utilitarian rationale for why you chose one of the following candidates.
Recipient A is Francis. He is 57. He is a recovering alcoholic who has not had a drink in 9 months but has relapsed many times before. Francis is a beloved husband and a father to three teenage children. He is the president of a small, struggling credit union that may fail without him.
Recipient B is Miriam. She is 34. She doesn’t do much with her life, and she’s not a very nice person. She comes from a very wealthy family; her father recently donated $2 million to the hospital’s cancer research program. He’s said that he intends to donate even morea whole new pediatric wingin the next year. There’s a large risk that he will cease donating if his daughter dies.
Recipient C is Benji. He is 19. He has his whole life ahead of him. He’s a college sophomore getting good grades and thinking about becoming a doctor himself. There is a strong risk, however, based on past complications, that his body will reject the liver.
Which candidate is the strongest choice from your utilitarian perspective, and why? How have you eliminated the other candidates? You should write this as Doctor You (you can use your last name), in the first person. Imagine your hospital’s board of trustees as your audience. You should use two or three quotes and paraphrases from Mill’s work (this will require library research) to support your decision, but you’re not writing primarily as a philosopher. Rather, you’re a doctor who has grown to trust this philosophy in his profession. You should walk your audience through your decision from beginning to end. If this were a math assignment, you’d show your work. It’s not a math assignment, though, so the only wrong answer is one that you don’t effectively support.
John Stuart Mill
Purpose
In the one-paragraph introduction, the one-sentence thesis is clear and encapsulates dilemma, solution, and how philosophy (Mill/utilitarianism) leads to solution.
Support/Development/Mill
Utilitarian reasoning is used to exclude two recipients and choose one. Quotes and paraphrases from Mill as needed are cited. Reasons for choices are clear and detailed.
