Analysis and design of databases

Please Answer the two Questions.

Problem 1:

Most organizations today do conceptual data modeling using E-R modeling, which uses a special notation to represent as much meaning about data as possible. Because of the rapidly increasing interest in object-oriented methods, class diagrams using unified modeling language (UML) drawing tools such as IBMs Rational products or Microsoft Visio are also popular. 

In my opinion using UML drawing tools have an upper hand as it represents a system or a software visually while E-R is a diagram that represents the entities and their relationships in a database.

Which type of modeling is used within your organization or you think is better and have more advantages compared to other?

Problem 2

Encapsulation is the art of of hiding those internal implementation details of an object so that it can’t be seen from an external view. When information is hidden from view it changes the landscape in which that information is displayed so that creates possibilities of their being both positive and negative aspects to this decision. This being said, encapsulation obviously has some positive aspects and reasons for it’s usage but in this discussion I want my classmates to focus solely on potential drawbacks or aspects of it’s usage that one may consider unfavorable, perhaps even detrimental.

What are some of the drawbacks associated with encapsulation?